Cuba: Difference between revisions
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'''Cuba''', officially the '''Republic of Cuba''', is an island country comprising the island of Cuba (the largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and 4,195 islands, islets, and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola (Haiti/Dominican Republic), and north of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital. Cuba is the third-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti and the Dominican Republic, with about 10 million inhabitants. It is the largest country in the Caribbean by area. | '''Cuba''', officially the '''Republic of Cuba''', is an island country comprising the island of Cuba (the largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and 4,195 islands, islets, and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of Florida and the [[Bahamas]], west of Hispaniola (Haiti/Dominican Republic), and north of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital. Cuba is the third-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti and the Dominican Republic, with about 10 million inhabitants. It is the largest country in the Caribbean by area. | ||
The territory that is now Cuba was inhabited as early as the 4th millennium BC, with the Guanahatabey and Taíno peoples inhabiting the area at the time of Spanish colonization in the 15th century. It was then a colony of Spain through the abolition of slavery in 1886, until the Spanish–American War of 1898 when Cuba was occupied by the United States and gained independence in 1902. In 1940, Cuba implemented a new constitution, but mounting political unrest culminated in the 1952 Cuban coup d'état and the subsequent dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. During the Cuban Revolution, the Batista government was overthrown in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement. That revolution established communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and nuclear war nearly broke out during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Cuba faced a severe economic downturn in the 1990s, known as the Special Period. In 2008, Fidel Castro retired after 49 years; Raúl Castro was elected his successor. Raúl Castro retired as president in 2018, and Miguel Díaz-Canel was elected president by the National Assembly following parliamentary elections. Raúl Castro retired as First Secretary of the Communist Party in 2021, and Díaz-Canel was elected. | The territory that is now Cuba was inhabited as early as the 4th millennium BC, with the Guanahatabey and Taíno peoples inhabiting the area at the time of Spanish colonization in the 15th century. It was then a colony of Spain through the abolition of slavery in 1886, until the Spanish–American War of 1898 when Cuba was occupied by the United States and gained independence in 1902. In 1940, Cuba implemented a new constitution, but mounting political unrest culminated in the 1952 Cuban coup d'état and the subsequent dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. During the Cuban Revolution, the Batista government was overthrown in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement. That revolution established communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and nuclear war nearly broke out during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Cuba faced a severe economic downturn in the 1990s, known as the Special Period. In 2008, Fidel Castro retired after 49 years; Raúl Castro was elected his successor. Raúl Castro retired as president in 2018, and Miguel Díaz-Canel was elected president by the National Assembly following parliamentary elections. Raúl Castro retired as First Secretary of the Communist Party in 2021, and Díaz-Canel was elected. | ||
Revision as of 00:04, 13 October 2024
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(and Cuba's largest city) |
Source information is available at [ Sources ] |
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country comprising the island of Cuba (the largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and 4,195 islands, islets, and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola (Haiti/Dominican Republic), and north of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital. Cuba is the third-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti and the Dominican Republic, with about 10 million inhabitants. It is the largest country in the Caribbean by area.
The territory that is now Cuba was inhabited as early as the 4th millennium BC, with the Guanahatabey and Taíno peoples inhabiting the area at the time of Spanish colonization in the 15th century. It was then a colony of Spain through the abolition of slavery in 1886, until the Spanish–American War of 1898 when Cuba was occupied by the United States and gained independence in 1902. In 1940, Cuba implemented a new constitution, but mounting political unrest culminated in the 1952 Cuban coup d'état and the subsequent dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. During the Cuban Revolution, the Batista government was overthrown in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement. That revolution established communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and nuclear war nearly broke out during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Cuba faced a severe economic downturn in the 1990s, known as the Special Period. In 2008, Fidel Castro retired after 49 years; Raúl Castro was elected his successor. Raúl Castro retired as president in 2018, and Miguel Díaz-Canel was elected president by the National Assembly following parliamentary elections. Raúl Castro retired as First Secretary of the Communist Party in 2021, and Díaz-Canel was elected.
Cuba is a socialist state in which the role of the Communist Party is enshrined in the Constitution. Cuba has an authoritarian government where political opposition is not permitted. Censorship is extensive, and independent journalism is repressed; Reporters Without Borders has characterized Cuba as one of the worst countries for press freedom. Culturally, Cuba is considered part of Latin America. It is a multiethnic country whose people, culture, and customs derive from diverse origins, including the Taíno Ciboney peoples, the long period of Spanish colonialism, the introduction of enslaved Africans, and a close relationship with the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Cuba is a founding member of the United Nations, G77, Non-Aligned Movement, Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, ALBA, and Organization of American States. It has one of the world's few planned economies, and its economy is dominated by tourism and the exports of skilled labor, sugar, tobacco, and coffee. Cuba has historically—before and during communist rule—performed better than other countries in the region on several socioeconomic indicators, such as literacy, infant mortality, and life expectancy. Cuba has a universal health care system that provides free medical treatment to all Cuban citizens. However, challenges include low salaries for doctors, poor facilities, poor provision of equipment, and the frequent absence of essential drugs. A 2023 study by the Cuban Observatory of Human Rights (OCDH) estimated that 88% of the population lives in extreme poverty. The traditional diet is internationally concerned due to micronutrient deficiencies and lack of diversity. As highlighted by the World Food Programme (WFP) of the United Nations, rationed food meets only a fraction of the daily nutritional needs of many Cubans, leading to health issues.
Cuban Revolution (1957)
Beginning in the 1930s, American laws put severe pressure on the criminal organizations of the United States. Many of these organizations were looking to invest money in Cuba, which was out of the United States's reach. Millions of dollars were invested in the casinos of Havana, Cuba. These organizations invested millions of dollars in the corrupt government of Cuba to ensure the Cuban government Allowed them to operate unchecked.
They also invested heavily in Cuban businesses. Cuba was heavily influenced by the United States by legitimate and illegitimate organizations, which controlled 80% of its trade. In 1958, American firms owned around 40% of Cuban sugar land, almost all cattle ranches, 90% mines, and 80% utilities.
In 1958, Cuba was a relatively well-advanced country by Latin American standards and, in some cases, by world standards. However, Cuba was affected by perhaps Latin America's most significant labor union privileges, including bans on dismissals and mechanization. These privileges were mainly obtained "at the cost of the unemployed and the peasants," leading to disparities.
The middle class, comparable to the United States, became increasingly dissatisfied with unemployment and political persecution. The labor unions supported Batista until the very end. Batista stayed in power until he was forced into exile on New Year's Eve, 1959, ending the Cuban Revolution.
A Personal note from Robin:
The fall of Bautista's government (New Year's Eve, 1982) occurred while I was at home (on leave) between Navy schools.
Cuban Missle Crisis (1962)
In 1961, the US government put Jupiter nuclear missiles in Italy and Turkey. It had trained a paramilitary force of expatriate Cubans, which the CIA led in an attempt to invade Cuba and overthrow its government. Starting in November of that year, the US government engaged in a violent campaign of terrorism and sabotage in Cuba, referred to as the Cuban Project, which continued throughout the first half of the 1960s. The Soviet administration was concerned about a Cuban drift towards China, with which the Soviets had an increasingly fractious relationship. In response to these factors, the Soviet and Cuban governments agreed, at a meeting between leaders Nikita Khrushchev and Fidel Castro in July 1962, to place nuclear missiles on Cuba to deter a future US invasion. Construction of launch facilities started shortly after that.
In October, a U-2 spy plane captured photographic evidence of medium- and long-range launch facilities. US President John F. Kennedy convened a meeting of the National Security Council and other key advisers, forming the National Security Council Executive Committee (EXCOMM). Kennedy was advised to carry out an air strike on Cuban soil to compromise Soviet missile supplies, followed by an invasion of the Cuban mainland. He chose a less aggressive course to avoid a declaration of war. On 22 October, Kennedy ordered a naval blockade to prevent further missiles from reaching Cuba. He referred to the action as a "quarantine" but not a blockade so that the US could avoid the formal implications of a state of war.
A Personal note from Robin:
I served aboard the USS Robert L. Wilson from July 1961 until December 1962. The Wilson was one of the ships involved in this quarantine.
- Wikipedia article: Cuban missile crisis
Spanking and Spanking Art in Cuba
In the 20th century, school corporal punishment fell out of fashion and was gradually banned in many countries, a trend that continues until the present day.
As of May 2008, Cuba permits corporal punishment in schools.
( We have no further information from SAOTK as of Oct, 2024 )
( We have no further information from Corpun.com as of Oct, 2024 )
Prostitution in Cuba
- Prostitution in Cuba on our website
- Prostitution in Cuba ↗ on Wikipedia
External links
- More information is available at [ Wikipedia:Cuba ]
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