Francisco Goya
Francisco Goya (1746 – 1828) was a Spanish painter and printmaker. His full name was Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes.
Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown and a chronicler of history. He has been regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and as the first of the moderns. The subversive and subjective element in his art, as well as his bold handling of paint, provided a model for the work of later generations of artists, notably Manet and Picasso.
Escena de escuela
Escena de escuela ("school scene") is a lesser-known painting which Goya made when he was approximately 34 years of age (c. 1780). The picture shows a school corporal punishment scene that might be characteristic of how the same was administered in 18th century spanish schools. One student, with his bottom bared, is horsed by another student to be whipped by the schoolmaster. The schoolmaster remains seated during the chastisement, an indication of the traditional apposing style of teaching. On the right, two other students are crying; they have obviously been punished just before.
The painting is currently exhibited in a museum in Zaragoza, Spain.
Si quebró el cántaro
Si quebró el cántaro is the title of plate 25 from Goya's famous Caprichos series (1799). It is an etching, aquatint and drypoint printed in sepia ink that shows a mother who has interrupted her laundry work to give her son, who has broken a pot, an on-the-spot spanking. The spanking is bare bottom with her slipper, in the underarm position. The title of the work translates to "Yes he broke the pot" or "Yes he broke the pitcher".
Si sabrá más el discípulo?
There is also another plate in the Caprichos series with a reference to spanking: plate 41, titled Si sabrá más el discípulo?? ("Might not the pupil know more?" or "Will the student be wiser?"). It depicts a donkey teacher who teaches a donkey pupil the alphabet, raising in his hoof a paddle-like instrument.
For more information on the Caprichos series, and images, see:
See also
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