Turkey: Difference between revisions
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'''Turkey''', officially the '''Republic of Türkiye''', is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a more minor part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north, Georgia, [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], Iran to the east, Iraq, Syria, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and [[Bulgaria]] to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while ethnic Kurds are the most significant ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city, while Istanbul is its largest city and economic and financial center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya. | '''Turkey''', officially the '''Republic of Türkiye''', is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a more minor part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north, Georgia, [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], Iran to the east, Iraq, Syria, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and [[Bulgaria]] to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while ethnic Kurds are the most significant ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city, while Istanbul is its largest city and economic and financial center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya. | ||
Modern humans first inhabited Turkey during the Late Paleolithic. Home to critical Neolithic sites like Göbekli Tepe and some of the earliest farming areas, present-day Turkey was inhabited by various ancient peoples. The Anatolian peoples, such as the Hittites, assimilated the Hattians. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization following the conquests of Alexander the Great; Hellenization continued during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243 when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded; Mehmed II conquered Istanbul in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power. From 1789 onwards, the empire saw a significant transformation, reforms, and centralization while its territory declined. | Modern humans first inhabited Turkey during the Late Paleolithic. Home to critical Neolithic sites like Göbekli Tepe and some of the earliest farming areas, present-day Turkey was inhabited by various ancient peoples. The Anatolian peoples, such as the Hittites, assimilated the Hattians. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization following the conquests of Alexander the Great; Hellenization continued during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded; Mehmed II conquered Istanbul in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power. From 1789 onwards, the empire saw a significant transformation, reforms, and centralization while its territory declined. | ||
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea. Under the control of the Three Pashas, the Ottoman Empire entered World War I in 1914, during which the Ottoman government committed genocides against its [[Armenia]]n, Greek, and Assyrian subjects. Following the Ottoman defeat, the Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modeled on the reforms initiated by the country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during World War II but was involved in the Korean War. Coups in 1960 and 1980 interrupted the transition to a multi-party system. | In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea. Under the control of the Three Pashas, the Ottoman Empire entered World War I in 1914, during which the Ottoman government committed genocides against its [[Armenia]]n, Greek, and Assyrian subjects. Following the Ottoman defeat, the Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modeled on the reforms initiated by the country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during World War II but was involved in the Korean War. Coups in 1960 and 1980 interrupted the transition to a multi-party system. | ||
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=== School corporal punishment === | === School corporal punishment === | ||
National Education in Turkey dating back to the Ottoman Empire, Byzantium Empire, and prior has been highly prized. It is very competitive, rigidly structured, and effective. A child is not encouraged to be creative and expressive himself or herself. | National Education in Turkey dating back to the Ottoman Empire, Byzantium Empire, and prior has been highly prized. It is very competitive, rigidly structured, and effective. A child is not encouraged to be creative and expressive himself or herself. Instead, memorization and perseverance are encouraged. Sloppily done assignments may result in a blow across the hands with a rod, and some teachers even punish left-handedness, striking the hands of students until he or she learns to be right-handed or ambidextrous. If a student is called on and fails to stand up immediately, takes too long to answer or gives the wrong answer, a slap across the face may come. Parents are not sympathetic to this, and children usually do not tell to avoid further punishment at home. | ||
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Revision as of 18:29, 3 November 2024
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Source information is available at [ Sources ] |
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a more minor part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran to the east, Iraq, Syria, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turks, while ethnic Kurds are the most significant ethnic minority. Officially a secular state, Turkey has a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city, while Istanbul is its largest city and economic and financial center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya.
Modern humans first inhabited Turkey during the Late Paleolithic. Home to critical Neolithic sites like Göbekli Tepe and some of the earliest farming areas, present-day Turkey was inhabited by various ancient peoples. The Anatolian peoples, such as the Hittites, assimilated the Hattians. Classical Anatolia transitioned into cultural Hellenization following the conquests of Alexander the Great; Hellenization continued during the Roman and Byzantine eras. The Seljuk Turks began migrating into Anatolia in the 11th century, starting the Turkification process. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rum ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, when it disintegrated into Turkish principalities. Beginning in 1299, the Ottomans united the principalities and expanded; Mehmed II conquered Istanbul in 1453. During the reigns of Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire became a global power. From 1789 onwards, the empire saw a significant transformation, reforms, and centralization while its territory declined.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction and in the Russian Empire resulted in large-scale loss of life and mass migration into modern-day Turkey from the Balkans, Caucasus, and Crimea. Under the control of the Three Pashas, the Ottoman Empire entered World War I in 1914, during which the Ottoman government committed genocides against its Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian subjects. Following the Ottoman defeat, the Turkish War of Independence resulted in the abolition of the sultanate and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. The Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923, modeled on the reforms initiated by the country's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Turkey remained neutral during World War II but was involved in the Korean War. Coups in 1960 and 1980 interrupted the transition to a multi-party system.
Turkey is an upper-middle-income and emerging country; its economy is the world's 18th-largest by nominal and 11th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP. It is a unitary presidential republic. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD, G20, and Organization of Turkic States. With a geopolitically significant location, Turkey is a regional power and an early member of NATO. Turkey is an EU candidate in the EU Customs Union, CoE, OIC, and TURKSOY.
Turkey has coastal plains, a high central plateau, and various mountain ranges; its climate is temperate, with harsher conditions in the interior. Home to three biodiversity hotspots, Turkey is prone to frequent earthquakes and is highly vulnerable to climate change. Turkey has a universal healthcare system, growing access to education, and increasing levels of innovativeness. It is a leading TV content exporter. With 21 UNESCO World Heritage sites, 30 UNESCO intangible cultural heritage inscriptions, and a rich and diverse cuisine, Turkey is the fifth most visited country in the world.
Spanking and Spanking Art in Turkey
Spanking is known as popoya tokat or saplak atmak in Turkish.
In the home
Though the Turkish government publicly agrees to enact campaigns to eliminate corporal punishment of children in hopes of being allowed into the European Union, it remains prevalent in both domestic and educational settings. The truth is that the government is bound by tradition, as Turkey has been a patriarchal society since ancient times and adheres to the belief that "What a man does in his home is his own business." Though spanking on the buttocks, as is commonly pictured in Western society, is rare, open-handed blows to the head, twists of the ears, and thrashings with rods are common. Mothers are known to be quite loving to the point of doting, and all harshness is left to the father. A mother does not intervene between her husband and children but is always there afterward for comfort. Almost any offense can earn the father's wrath, such as disrespect, disobedience, poor marks, undone/poorly done chores, the misbehavior of younger siblings, and hesitance to obey commands. A "good" child quickly learns to obey and be reserved in the presence of his or her father.
It should also be noted that corporal punishment against the entire family, including the wife, by the husband can be meted out. Women and children are viewed as the man's property, which he may discipline as he sees fit. As a result, child abuse and domestic violence are both rampant.
School corporal punishment
National Education in Turkey dating back to the Ottoman Empire, Byzantium Empire, and prior has been highly prized. It is very competitive, rigidly structured, and effective. A child is not encouraged to be creative and expressive himself or herself. Instead, memorization and perseverance are encouraged. Sloppily done assignments may result in a blow across the hands with a rod, and some teachers even punish left-handedness, striking the hands of students until he or she learns to be right-handed or ambidextrous. If a student is called on and fails to stand up immediately, takes too long to answer or gives the wrong answer, a slap across the face may come. Parents are not sympathetic to this, and children usually do not tell to avoid further punishment at home.
Prostitution in Turkey
- Prostitution in Turkey ↗ on Wikipedia
External links
- More information is available at [ Wikipedia:Turkey ]
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